{"id":1689,"date":"2026-03-29T14:56:07","date_gmt":"2026-03-29T14:56:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ez-knowledge.com\/vi\/avoid-5-composite-structure-diagram-mistakes\/"},"modified":"2026-03-29T14:56:07","modified_gmt":"2026-03-29T14:56:07","slug":"avoid-5-composite-structure-diagram-mistakes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ez-knowledge.com\/vi\/avoid-5-composite-structure-diagram-mistakes\/","title":{"rendered":"Tr\u00e1nh 5 sai l\u1ea7m trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn"},"content":{"rendered":"

Khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 khi\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1edd nh\u1ea1t thay v\u00ec r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m l\u1ed7i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 phi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 giao ti\u1ebfp cho ch\u1ee7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ec7, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ecb hi\u1ec3u sai v\u00e0 n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u00edch t\u1ee5. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo s\u1ebd chi ti\u1ebft h\u00f3a nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

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\"Marker<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

\ud83d\udcd0 Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh<\/h2>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u00ean trong, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. N\u00f3 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn t\u1ea1o n\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f3ng. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng khai b\u1edfi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean trong.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • T\u00ednh module:<\/strong> H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb d\u1ec5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/li>\n
  • S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c:<\/strong> C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e0o ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
  • T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c:<\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean trong nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/li>\n
  • Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n:<\/strong> N\u01a1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Khi nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1edf n\u00ean nhanh h\u01a1n. Khi ch\u00fang b\u1ecb l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi giao ti\u1ebfp hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

    \u274c Sai l\u1ea7m 1: L\u00e0m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u00f3a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u00ean trong<\/h2>\n

    L\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u chi ti\u1ebft b\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ecdi thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft b\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn. D\u00f9 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

    V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/h3>\n

    Khi m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn duy nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a danh s\u00e1ch d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1eef. C\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft tri\u1ec3n khai ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ea5p cao sang m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

    H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3<\/h3>\n
      \n
    • Qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c:<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi t\u00ecm d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u00ednh.<\/li>\n
    • G\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec:<\/strong> S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi khi chi ti\u1ebft tri\u1ec3n khai thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n
    • M\u1ea5t t\u1eadp trung:<\/strong> M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t trong ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft tri\u1ec3n khai c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa<\/h3>\n

      \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a. Ch\u1ec9 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, h\u00e3y bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n n\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n li\u1ec7t k\u00ea t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn thay v\u00ec n\u1ed9i dung b\u00ean trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Gom c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn li\u00ean quan v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh con \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
      • S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac chung thay v\u00ec sao ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn.<\/li>\n
      • \u1ea8n c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh tr\u1eeb khi ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a giao di\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u274c Sai l\u1ea7m 2: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sai c\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n<\/h2>\n

        C\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sai c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u00fang h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

        V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/h3>\n

        C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ebd k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ed5ng. Ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf do ph\u1ea7n cung c\u1ea5p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u1ef1c quan v\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n

        H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/h3>\n
          \n
        • L\u1ed7i tri\u1ec3n khai:<\/strong>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n sai l\u1ec7ch d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e2y hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m.<\/li>\n
        • V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p:<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang.<\/li>\n
        • R\u1ee7i ro t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:<\/strong>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa<\/h3>\n

          S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i giao di\u1ec7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n cung c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

            \n
          • Ghi nh\u00e3n c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1edbi giao di\u1ec7n m\u00e0 ch\u00fang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n
          • S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u hoa h\u1ed3ng (lollipop) cho c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u1ed5 c\u1eafm (socket) cho c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n
          • \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ean giao di\u1ec7n kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a trong ph\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \u274c Sai l\u1ea7m 3: B\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n<\/p>\n

            Trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, giao ti\u1ebfp th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i qua m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trung gian. B\u1ecf qua c\u00e1ch tin nh\u1eafn \u0111i qua c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trung gian n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sai s\u00f3t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. C\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb giao di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 cho m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n con.<\/p>\n

            V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/h3>\n

            Nhi\u1ec1u s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng cho th\u1ea5y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u ti\u1ebfp theo. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y che gi\u1ea5u logic \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9. C\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p \u0111en thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng minh b\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n

            H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/h3>\n
              \n
            • \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p b\u1ecb che gi\u1ea5u:<\/strong>Lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1edd nh\u1ea1t.<\/li>\n
            • Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i:<\/strong>Vi\u1ec7c truy v\u1ebft s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n
            • Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong>C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn b\u00ean trong ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa<\/h3>\n

              V\u1ebd r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb c\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c thi.<\/p>\n

                \n
              • Li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u1ed7i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u00ean trong.<\/li>\n
              • S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n.<\/li>\n
              • Ghi ch\u00fa cho k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i n\u1ebfu logic bao g\u1ed3m l\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                \u274c Sai l\u1ea7m 4: Tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi<\/h2>\n

                UML cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00e1c nhau cho c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nhau. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p d\u00f9ng cho c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. M\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00f9ng cho h\u00e0nh vi. Vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn duy nh\u1ea5t s\u1ebd g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn.<\/p>\n

                V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/h3>\n

                Th\u00eam c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n, ho\u1eb7c v\u1ebd c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i tin nh\u1eafn trong b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, l\u00e0m m\u1edd ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa\u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec<\/em> h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0\u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec<\/em> h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y vi ph\u1ea1m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

                H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/h3>\n
                  \n
                • L\u1ed7i hi\u1ec3u sai:<\/strong>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u0129nh v\u1edbi lu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n
                • M\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi do s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3:<\/strong>S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec.<\/li>\n
                • H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa<\/h3>\n

                  Gi\u1eef s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. N\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh vi l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng, h\u00e3y li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ho\u1eb7c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. D\u00f9ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh bao ch\u1ee9a cho h\u00e0nh vi, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u00ednh h\u00e0nh vi.<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • D\u00e0nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi.<\/li>\n
                  • D\u00e0nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n lu\u1ed3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
                  • S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnhc\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n<\/em>c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    \u274c Sai l\u1ea7m 5: C\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean k\u00e9m cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2<\/h2>\n

                    T\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. C\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean chung chung ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n s\u1ebd ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 t\u00ednh d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef nh\u01b0Ph\u1ea7n1<\/em>, Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7nA<\/em>, ho\u1eb7c \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng1<\/em> kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n

                    V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/h3>\n

                    Khi t\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh, c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan ph\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 B\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/em>c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

                    H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/h3>\n
                      \n
                    • Thi\u1ebfu r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng:<\/strong>Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n
                    • Ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh xem x\u00e9t:<\/strong>T\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh xem x\u00e9t.<\/li>\n
                    • Silo ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c:<\/strong>Ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ban \u0111\u1ea7u hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa<\/h3>\n

                      \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ean vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      • S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ean c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 theo l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c (v\u00ed d\u1ee5, B\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng<\/em> thay v\u00ec B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn1<\/em>).<\/li>\n
                      • G\u1eafn nh\u00e3n vai tr\u00f2 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng khi m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5, Vai tr\u00f2 Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/em>).<\/li>\n
                      • \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kinh doanh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                        \ud83d\udcca So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/h2>\n

                        B\u1ea3ng sau t\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ki\u1ec3m tra s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                        L\u1ed7i<\/th>\nTri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng tr\u1ef1c quan<\/th>\nT\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan<\/th>\nTh\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
                        L\u00e0m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u00f3a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n<\/td>\nDanh s\u00e1ch d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh b\u00ean trong c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p<\/td>\nS\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/td>\nGi\u1ea5u chi ti\u1ebft tri\u1ec3n khai<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                        S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sai c\u1ed5ng<\/td>\nC\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n<\/td>\nGi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00edch h\u1ee3p sai l\u1ec7ch<\/td>\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u c\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                        B\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng<\/td>\n\u0110i\u1ec3m ch\u1ebft trong c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i<\/td>\nC\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/td>\nV\u1ebd c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                        Tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/td>\nBi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u00ean trong c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/td>\nS\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 lu\u1ed3ng<\/td>\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho h\u00e0nh vi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                        T\u00ean g\u1ecdi k\u00e9m<\/td>\nNh\u00e3n chung chung nh\u01b0 Ph\u1ea7n1<\/td>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/td>\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                        \ud83d\udde3\ufe0f T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn giao ti\u1ebfp d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/h2>\n

                        S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho k\u1ef9 s\u01b0. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kinh doanh. Khi m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u, r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

                        C\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kinh doanh c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00f3. C\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u00ean trong, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf giao di\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

                        L\u1ee3i \u00edch giao ti\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd<\/h3>\n
                          \n
                        • S\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed:<\/strong>M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ranh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n
                        • T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9:<\/strong>Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m tr\u1edf n\u00ean nhanh h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n
                        • \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c:<\/strong> Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac.<\/li>\n
                        • Ni\u1ec1m tin:<\/strong>C\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u khi n\u00f3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                          \ud83d\udd0d C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n

                          \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y tu\u00e2n theo quy tr\u00ecnh xem x\u00e9t c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chia s\u1ebb ch\u00fang v\u1edbi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u00f3m.<\/p>\n

                          B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h3>\n

                          Xem x\u00e9t t\u1eebng h\u1ed9p. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh hay ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u00fd ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4ng? N\u1ebfu c\u00f3, h\u00e3y lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u00fang. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n

                          B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: Ki\u1ec3m tra giao di\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n

                          Theo d\u00f5i t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5ng kh\u00f4ng? C\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng? T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ch\u01b0a? N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c treo c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

                          B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ean g\u1ecdi<\/h3>\n

                          \u0110\u1ecdc c\u00e1c nh\u00e3n to\u1ea1c ra. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 nghe gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh doanh kh\u00f4ng? N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n, th\u00ec t\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 qu\u00e1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3.<\/p>\n

                          B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan<\/h3>\n

                          Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch lu\u1ed3ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd v\u1ea5p ng\u00e3, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01b0a s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng. \u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u1ea1i cho b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

                          \ud83d\udee0\ufe0f Duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3<\/h2>\n

                          M\u1ed9t khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec. Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m thay \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo. B\u1ecf qua vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ‘t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u sai l\u1ec7ch’, khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

                          T\u00edch h\u1ee3p vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Khi m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt song song v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n

                          Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. L\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n nguy\u00ean n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n sang s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n

                          \ud83d\udcdd T\u00f3m t\u1eaft nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd<\/h2>\n

                          Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u1ebd c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u1eb1m \u1edf s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

                          B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p th\u1eeba, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng, t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch. Ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t thay v\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn. S\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, r\u00fat ng\u1eafn chu k\u1ef3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m.<\/p>\n

                          T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac quan tr\u1ecdng. Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5u. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ed7i y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                          Khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1690,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"5 sai l\u1ea7m trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh \ud83d\uded1","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. N\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t UML v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[77],"tags":[80,86],"class_list":["post-1689","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uml","tag-academic","tag-composite-structure-diagram"],"yoast_head":"\n5 sai l\u1ea7m trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh \ud83d\uded1<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. 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