\n| Ph\u1ea7n Alt<\/td>\n | Logic \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \/ D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng<\/td>\n | Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i thay th\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ea1y. N\u00f3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi gi\u1eefa t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n \u26a1 M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9<\/h2>\nGiao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ch\u1edd ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c API RESTful v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi gRPC. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng li\u1ec1n n\u00e9t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u0169i t\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n Khi v\u1ebd c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00ean t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft sau:<\/p>\n \n- B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u:<\/strong>Bao g\u1ed3m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c HTTP (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) tr\u00ean nh\u00e3n tin nh\u1eafn.<\/li>\n
- Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1:<\/strong>N\u00eau b\u1eadt c\u00e1c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 M\u00e3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c ID theo d\u00f5i.<\/li>\n
- M\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i:<\/strong>Ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00e1c m\u00e3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i mong \u0111\u1ee3i (200 OK, 401 Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n, 500 L\u1ed7i m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7).<\/li>\n
- Th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh, n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00fa tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
H\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0110\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng<\/strong>g\u1ecdi m\u1ed9t D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Thanh to\u00e1n<\/strong>. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 n\u00ean hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0110\u01a1n h\u00e0ng g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u POST. Sau \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n sang tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Thanh to\u00e1n. Khi D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Thanh to\u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch xong, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i. N\u1ebfu D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Thanh to\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00ean hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\nR\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng khi g\u00e1n nh\u00e3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho tin nh\u1eafn tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1. Thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i ‘Ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i’, h\u00e3y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ‘Thanh to\u00e1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng’ ho\u1eb7c ‘Thanh to\u00e1n b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i’. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lu\u1ed3ng logic kinh doanh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n \ud83d\udd04 M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a giao ti\u1ebfp b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9<\/h2>\nGiao ti\u1ebfp b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. Trong m\u1eabu n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 g\u1eedi tin nh\u1eafn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1edd ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 tin nh\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c bus s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n. C\u00e1ch bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ee9t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u0169i t\u00ean.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd khi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a lu\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n \n- Ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/li>\n
- Ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd theo ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n sau n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n
- T\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t:<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng l\u00fac.<\/li>\n
- T\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/strong>S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00ean ng\u1ee5 \u00fd r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n hai l\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p g\u00e2y ra l\u1ed7i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Khi minh h\u1ecda \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n g\u1eedi v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c quan n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 do m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 tin nh\u1eafn t\u1ea1o ra. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc r\u1eb1ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec5n ra ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Kho h\u00e0ng<\/strong>c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n H\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n<\/code>s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n. D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o<\/strong> v\u00e0 D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch<\/strong>\u0111\u1ec1u ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00ean th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Kho h\u00e0ng g\u1eedi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1ch nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n\ud83d\uded1 X\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n<\/h2>\nC\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn g\u00e2y l\u1ed7i trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3i ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1c quan v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n X\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n<\/h3>\nM\u1ecdi cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ecdi ph\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t Alt<\/strong> (ph\u1ea7n thay th\u1ebf) fragment.<\/p>\n\n- \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i A:<\/strong>Ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd. Lu\u1ed3ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i B:<\/strong>Ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t quy tr\u00ecnh d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ho\u1eb7c x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ed7i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i h\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf ph\u1ea3i tri\u1ec3n khai logic th\u1eed l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ea1ng lu\u00f4n nhanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/h3>\nNhi\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f9ng l\u00fac. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n song song. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y h\u1eefu \u00edch khi mu\u1ed1n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cha k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t nhi\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u con th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n \n- K\u00edch ho\u1ea1t song song:<\/strong>Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u thanh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac.<\/li>\n
- T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p:<\/strong>Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb khi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o lu\u1ed3ng cha.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra do c\u1ea1nh tranh ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n l\u1ea5y d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea3i n\u00e0y l\u00ean h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng.<\/p>\n \ud83d\udcdd C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3<\/h2>\nM\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. N\u00f3 g\u00e2y hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh xem x\u00e9t m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1eefu \u00edch, h\u00e3y tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh sau:<\/p>\n \n- Gi\u1eef \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cao:<\/strong>Kh\u00f4ng v\u1ebd s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 cho m\u1ecdi l\u1eddi g\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c. T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/li>\n
- C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00f9ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n:<\/strong>Xem s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a kho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. N\u1ebfu API thay \u0111\u1ed5i, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo.<\/li>\n
- S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n:<\/strong>Duy tr\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n UML \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n
- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n th\u1eed l\u1ea1i, h\u00e3y ghi ch\u00fa \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 trong ch\u00fa th\u00edch.<\/li>\n
- Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n:<\/strong>L\u01b0u s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t kho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f9ng nhau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
L\u00e0m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u00f3a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 b\u1eb1ng chi ti\u1ebft logic n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecdc. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tri\u1ec3n khai. Logic n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ch\u00fa th\u00edch m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n \ud83d\udeab Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh<\/h2>\nNgay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng m\u1eafc sai l\u1ea7m khi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a microservices. Vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y s\u1edbm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n \n- Gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/strong>Nhi\u1ec1u s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng li\u1ec1n. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee7 \u00fd ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea1ch cho c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n
- B\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn l\u1ed7i:<\/strong> Ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ‘con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac’ s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c an to\u00e0n gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/li>\n
- Thi\u1ebfu b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh:<\/strong> B\u1ecf qua vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
- Qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 duy nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean bao qu\u00e1t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. H\u00e3y chia nh\u1ecf theo mi\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng.<\/li>\n
- C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp t\u0129nh. C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 vi m\u00f4 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\ud83d\udd04 T\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0o CI\/CD<\/h2>\n\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u00f4n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o pipeline t\u00edch h\u1ee3p li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i API \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, quy tr\u00ecnh CI n\u00ean th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh cho pipeline tri\u1ec3n khai. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean wiki ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed5ng th\u00f4ng tin lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt theo b\u1ea3n d\u1ef1ng m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n \ud83c\udfaf K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 tri\u1ec3n khai<\/h2>\nVi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 UML cho c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 vi m\u00f4 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0 duy t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng sang thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n. Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb l\u1eddi g\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c sang tin nh\u1eafn m\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb sang tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0, nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0m r\u00f5 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ranh gi\u1edbi. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt, ch\u00fang gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m quen cho th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i trong c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/p>\n S\u1ef1 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c v\u1ebd s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1ef1c quan c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Khi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u0129nh.<\/p>\n B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ecf. V\u1ebd s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 cho m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng quan tr\u1ecdng. X\u00e1c minh n\u00f3 v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y. M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u00f4n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 vi m\u00f4.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Trong ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, giao ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng. Khi chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ec3 sang c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 vi m\u00f4, \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 UML cho D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Vi m\u00f4 \ud83d\udc68\u200d\ud83d\udcbb","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 vi m\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 UML. Bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9\/b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t d\u00e0nh cho nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[50],"tags":[80,87],"class_list":["post-1669","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-unified-modeling-language","tag-academic","tag-sequence-diagram"],"yoast_head":"\n H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 UML cho D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Vi m\u00f4 \ud83d\udc68\u200d\ud83d\udcbb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 vi m\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 UML. 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